Incandescent petroleum-lamp.



A. B. KRZYWIEC.

INGANDESCENT PETROLEUM LAMP.

APPLICATION IILED MAR. 22, 1907. RENEWED D110. 1, 1908.

927,804. Patented July 13, 1909.

q/vbbvwmco anus who-z g 44/? l E/Howl ALEXANDER BENEDIKTOWITSCH KRZYWIEO, OF WARSAW, RUSSIA.

INCANDESCE NT PE TROLEUIVI-LAMP.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed March 22, 1907, Serial No. 363,946. Renewed December Patented July 13, 1909.

1, 1908. Serial No. 465,579.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER BENEDIK rownson Knzrwrno, a subject of the Czar of Russia, residing in arsaw, Poland, linssia, have invented certain ew and useful Improvements in Incandescent Petroleum- Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to incandescent petroleum lamps, and has among its objects to provide a construction which embodies improved means for vaporizing the fuel and mixing the same with air prior to combustion.

To this end, the invention consists in an improved form of vaporizer, and in an improved mixing-chamber, and further in the manner in which these parts are combined.

The invention also consists in other novel features of construction, as will be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical central section of a lamp con structed in accordance with the invention, Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through the cover, Fig. 3 is a detail perspective View showing the vanes which are arranged in front of the apertures in the cover to prevent the lamp from being cxtingusihed by gusts of wind, and Figs. 4 and 5 are a side and end view respectively of the filtering-core for the vaporizer.

Similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings, 0 is a disk or supporting-plate on which a glass globe 15 is attached on one side, and on the other side a draft pipe 6 is arranged in a central aperture in this disk. In the petroleum container 3 a tubular piece 1 is inserted to enable the petroleum to be poured in. A pipe 1 connects the container with the va orizcr 5. An aperture in this pipe is close( by means of a tap 2. The vaporizer 5 consists of a metal pipe in the draft-pipe 6 which rises above the level of the petroleum in the container and is then bent downward and terminates in a finely perforated nozzle 8. This nozzle is arranged above the disk 0, conscqucntly also higher than the glass globe 15. In the lower part the vaporizer is protected by a casing 10 firmly soldered on the vaporizer itself. Vanes or wings 9 are also soldered on the vaporizer 5. The casing 10 and the vanes 9 have for their object to concentrate the incandescent heat at the point of the vaporizer where the casing and the vanes are soldered on. By moving this soldering point alon the vaporizer, up and down, the point of t 1e maximum heating of the vaporizer may be altered as desired. The mixing chamber 17, 18, protrudes above the disk 0 and has, as ma 1 be seen from the drawings, a tubular form. One open end piece or branch of this chamber projects above the disk 0 and the other ends in the interior of the globe 15, this latter end being covered with gauze 19.

The incandescent mantle or body 16 is arranged above the sieve 19. A cooling chamber 20, 21, is attached to the mixing cham ber 17, 18, and consists of two parts. One part 21 is firmly soldered to the part 18 and projects beneath the globe 15, and apertures 23 are provided in this lower section through which apertures the cold air enters, and

while cooling the section 21 also causes the cooling of the chamber 18 soldered thereto. The other part 20 of the cooling chamber also projects beneath the globe 15, and has apertures 22 provided in its lower part, and in its upper part where it partly incloses the chamber 17, has an a )erture 24. The cold air entering through the apertures 22 passes through the aperture 24, into the interior of the globe 15 and flowing around the pipe 17 cools this section of the mixing chamber. VV'ith such a construction the draft pipe 6 draws the air into the globe 15 and around the burner, not only through the chamber 17, 18, but also through the apertures 22 and 24 in the cooling chamber.

The lamp cover 7 is divided by means of a partition 12 into two sections, an inner and an outer. This partition has an aperture 25 at a point opposite the nozzle 8, so that the air flowing into the inner compartment in no way alters the current of the vapor coming from the nozzle 8. 1n the outer section of the cover there are apertures .26 in front of which horizontal vanes 27 and vertical vanes 13 are arranged as shown in Fig. 3. These vanes neutralize the suction and also the pressure-action of any violent gusts of wind which may arise, so that the lamp is not extinguished thereby. The horizontal vanes 27 extend laterally from opposite faces of the upright vanes, as shown, each upright vane being located at the center of the corresponding air inlet of the fresh-air chamber. A dish 14 serves for heating the vaporizer, for which object alcohol or benzin is poured tit) into said dish. in the lower part ot the vaporizer 5 a 'liltering-eore it is inserted. 'lhe reason for its use is that during the preheating of the petroleum, its decomposition takes place with the formation o't' carbon particles. The particles float in the petro leum vapor. Although the lamp may eventually also work without a core it is well in order to avoid the stoppage ot the nozzle 8 with line (-arhon particles, to insert a core in the section ol the vaporizer most exposed to heating, whi h core is intended tor titter ing the vapor. in order that the core may litter well and also not prevent the regular burning of the lamp it is necessary that on the one hand it should tilt up the entire spare ot' the tuhe occupied h it. so that it is unpossihle tor the petroleum vapor to pass through the vaporizer without encountering the lihers ol the core .38. 'lhe core on the other hand must not allord too gr a a resistance to the current ol vapor. The core proposed hy me consists ot a shanlq it) with lihers 28 ot mineral or other suitahle material attached thereto perpeinlieular and radially, as shown in Figs. l and 'lhis core, which it set l terms a complete arrangementeasilv removable from the vaporizer, may he inserted quiteeasily therein, the transverse lihers passing freely into the vaporizer and then spreading out so as to tilt up to a certain extent the entire space without preventing the easy passage of the gas.

The lamp worns in the l'ollowii'ig way? The container 2-; is titled with petroleum through the tuhe t, the tap 2 is turned and may remain constantly open trom the starting ot' the preheating ot' the lamp as Well as during the entire time itis hurning. '5 the vaporizer may project ahove the level i petroleum in the container, the petroleum [lowing through the pipe 4 into the vaporizer cannot rise 'l'arther than up to the hend o trehe vaporizer, wherel'ore also the tap 3 may re main open at any time.

Alcohol or henzin is poured into the dish 1 As soon as the lamp has to he lighted the spirit is ignited and the lamp drawn up to its proper position. As the vaporizer he comes gradually heated, the petroleum is converted into vapor which ant miaticallv passes through the nozzle aperture into the mixing ehamher l7, 3y the action ol the dral't pipe t' air is drawn into the same mixing ehamher. The mixture ol petroleum vapor and air thus termed, llows lorth trom beneath the gauze net It) and hecoming ignited by the [lame ot the spirit burning in the dish brings the incandescent hodv or mantle to to ineandesrcnce, whereupon the lamp commences to give light. In order to extinguish the lamp the lap closed.

, 'lhe mixing-ehaml er 17, to is cooled tor the purpose ot' reducing the eounter-dral t in a part ot' the hraneh l7, and ot avoiding the penetration of the flame through the gauze 10 into the mixing-chamber. 'lhis cooling of the mixing-ehamber when the latter is inclosed in a glass-globe, is indispensable in the case of lamps working hy gravitation of the l'uel. As the globe is insuttieiently cooled with air interior-1y, the heat of the flame is concentrated too strongly, and the mixingehainher hecomes over-heated. As a result, there are two undesirable phenomena:(1) 'lhe over-heating oi the part 1? ol the mixing-chamber causes a counter-(trait and reduces the sucking of the air into the mixingehamher, and (2) owing to the shell or casing ot' the mixingehamher getting over-heated, the gauze net l9 ceases to 't'unction, and the [lame penetrates through it into the mixingehamher. 'lhese detects are overcome by providing a coolnig-chainher such as that deserihed.

ln eom mrison with existing lamps, this improved lamp is characterized by a new combination ot the parts, which consists in the lamp having a simultaneously existing romhination ot the vaporizer projecting ahove the level of the petroleum in the container, and the tuhutar mixing chamber 17, 18, one end ot' the mixing chamber projecting ahove the disk 0 and the other in the interior of the glohe 1.5. As the )Otl'OlOUHl va or requires a large quantity ot air tor its in l com hustion and it is of the greatest importance that the air and vapor should mix, in, as far as possible, an ideal manner, in the mixing chamber, this requirement is only complied with by the foregoing construction! Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. An incandescentpetroleum lamp functioning by gravitation ot' the liquid, coinprising a supporting-plate, a draft-pipe extending upwardly from said plate, a fueleontainer above said plate, a vaporizer projectiiig into the lower end of said dratt-pipe, a teed-pipe ,torniing communication lietween said container and said vaporizer, a looped vaporizingpipe communicating with said vaporizer and arranged in said draftpipe with its looped end above the level of the liquid in said container, and its free end projecting from the lower end of said draftpipe, a mixing-chamber one end of which projects above the supporting plate to receive the vapors discharged by said vaporizingpipe, and a protecting casing surrounding said vaporizer.

2. An incandescent petroleum lamp functioning l v gravitation of the liquid, com prising a supporting plate, a draft-pipe eX- tending upwardly from said plate, an aperlured cover above said plate forming a eompartme'nt therewith above said plate, a fuel container ahove said plate, a vaporizer projecting into the lower end of said draftpipe, a feed pipe forming eonununieation between said container and said vaporizer, a looped vaporizing-pipe eonununieatin; with the inner end of said vaporizer and arranged in said dral't pipe with its looped end above the level of the liquid in said container and with its free end projeeting from the lower end ol said draft-pipe said free end being provided with a nozzle. a mixing chamber one end of which projeets above said supporting plate into said compartment to re eeive the mixture ol' vapor from said nozzle and air from said eon'ipartnient. and a globe eloselv eonneeted with said supporting plate and surrounding said elmnther.

it. An intaindeseent petroleum lamp l'unw .tionin;- b gravitation ol' the liquid, eomprisia; a supporting plate; a draft-pipe iising' upward from said plate; a. glass-globe eloselv eonueeted with t plate: a l'uel eoinaine above said plate: a vaporizer enterii y nto the lower end ol' said dral'l-pipe; a leer-Q p estahlishiug a eon1- muniration hetween said eoniainer and said vaporizer; a looped vaporiziniz' pipe roinnutnieating with said vaporizer. arranged within said dral't-pipe and rising with its looped end above the level ol' the liquid in the l'uel eonl:,iner. and exteinliniy with its l'ree end lroni the loner end ol said dral'tpipe: :1 mixing ehaniher the upper end ol whieh extends above said supp rting plate in order to reeeive vapor tll '('l1:il ,'t'tl fr m said vap u'ixing-pipe, and

the'lower end -ol' wlneh l r.-inehes upwardly with one arm tor slllipmi'lllifi the immodest-en: .inauthx while the other arm extends do\\'n\\'ardl v through i he t lass qlolw.

"1-, ln an inrandesrent petroleuni-lanip. the eonihiimtiou t a l'resh-air ehaiulwr. a dral'tpipe extending up\\'ardl i'herel'roin. a vaprizer within said din-rlt-pipe liiHlllli' its diselzaree end uniertin i ut ot' said dra.l't-pipe into said ehanihei; a inixiinghaiuher whirl: extends into said l'resh-air ehaniher and into it low or part of said i l t l l l l i r l l l l l I l l l l l l 1 l l l l g i l which said Vaporizer diseharges, and a partition which divides said fresh-air chamber into an inner and outer the air entering said chamber from changing the eourse of the current passing between said vaporizer and said mixing-cliamhcr.

5. In an incandescent petroleum-lamp, the (()l]Il)ln:Lll()!1 ot a mixing-ehanther, and a ehamher whieh eools said mixing-chainher but is shut oil from eommunieation therewith,

t3. In :Utlfltitlltl(('(nl' petroleum lamp, the eoinhination, with a glohe and a burner therein, ot a mixing: rhamher within the glohe, and a eooling ehamher for said mixing ehamher whieh is eut otl lr m eonnnunieati n therewith and eonduets air into the glohe and around said burner.

7. ln an ineamleseent petroleum lamp, the eomhiuation with a va iorizingpipe, ol' a lilltl'lllfl (ore therein, eousisting ol a shank and ashestos lihers attarl ed t said shank, and extending radially and perpendieulal'l) Ihe el'roin.

8. ln an ineandeseent pet roleun'i lamp. the eomhiuation ot a supportinn-plate. a cover ahove said plate divided by means ot a partiriou into an interior and an exterior eo'mpt-irtiuent, said rompartments hein; in commuuieation through an aperture in said partition. a draft-pipe extending upx'vardly l'roni said supportlug-plate, a vaporizer in said drat't-pipe having; its disrluirgwend arranged within said inner eon'ipartment at a point op osite said aperture. and a miXiirg -rham her eomniunieatine with vsaid interior eon: partment ol' the. (-over.

In testimony. tl at l claim the t'oreeoimr; as my invention, l have signed in name in presence of two suhserihin witnesses.

Witnesses:

.lnioms'row hnnmelu, (Asia n: lssovonrmn'.

part and prevents 

